Building your own AR-15 can be a rewarding experience, offering customization and a deep understanding of your firearm. A crucial part of this process is selecting the right AR upper build kit. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from understanding the components to choosing the right kit for your needs and budget.
What is an AR Upper Build Kit?
An AR upper build kit contains all the necessary parts to assemble the upper receiver of an AR-15 style rifle. This eliminates the need to source each component individually, saving time and potentially money. Kits typically include:
- Upper Receiver: The main housing for the upper assembly. Often comes in different materials (like forged aluminum or billet aluminum) and finishes (anodized, Cerakote, etc.).
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): A critical component containing the bolt, carrier, and cam pin. Choose a BCG from a reputable manufacturer for reliability. Consider materials like Carpenter 158 steel for superior strength and durability.
- Charging Handle: Used to manually cycle the BCG and chamber a round. Various styles and designs are available, affecting ergonomics and ease of use.
- Forward Assist: A device assisting in closing the bolt if it fails to fully seat. While not essential, many prefer its inclusion.
- Ejection Port Cover: Protects the ejection port from debris.
- Barrel Nut: Secures the barrel to the upper receiver.
Types of AR Upper Build Kits
AR upper build kits cater to various budgets and preferences. Here are some common types:
1. Basic Kits:
These kits include the essential components: upper receiver, BCG, charging handle, and barrel nut. They are ideal for budget-conscious builders or those who already possess specific components like barrels or handguards.
2. Complete Kits:
These provide everything needed for a functional upper receiver, often including a barrel, handguard, gas tube, and sights. This is a convenient option for first-time builders.
3. Premium Kits:
These kits feature high-end components from reputable manufacturers, often using enhanced materials and precision machining for superior performance and longevity. Expect a higher price point reflecting the superior quality.
Factors to Consider When Choosing an AR Upper Build Kit
Several factors influence your choice of AR upper build kit:
- Budget: Kits range in price significantly. Determine your budget beforehand to narrow down your options.
- Caliber: Ensure the kit matches your chosen caliber (.223 Wylde, 5.56 NATO, etc.). Incorrect caliber selection can lead to malfunctions and damage.
- Barrel Length: Barrel length affects accuracy, velocity, and overall weight. Choose a length appropriate for your intended use. Shorter barrels are generally lighter and more compact, while longer barrels usually offer increased accuracy and velocity.
- Handguard: The handguard protects the barrel and provides a place for accessories. Consider factors like material (aluminum, polymer), length, and rail system (M-LOK, KeyMod, Picatinny).
- Manufacturer Reputation: Choose reputable manufacturers known for producing high-quality, reliable components.
Assembling Your AR Upper: A Quick Overview
While a detailed assembly guide is beyond the scope of this article, here's a brief overview of the process:
- Prepare your workspace: Ensure a clean, well-lit area.
- Install the barrel: Carefully thread the barrel into the upper receiver and secure it with the barrel nut.
- Install the gas tube: Connect the gas tube to the barrel and upper receiver.
- Install the BCG and charging handle: Slide the BCG into the upper receiver and install the charging handle.
- Install the forward assist and ejection port cover: Snap these components into place.
- Install the handguard: Secure the handguard to the barrel nut.
- Final Inspection: Ensure all parts are properly seated and secured before use.
Conclusion
Building an AR-15 upper receiver using a build kit is a fulfilling project offering significant customization. By carefully considering the factors outlined above and selecting a kit from a reputable manufacturer, you can build a reliable and high-performing upper receiver tailored to your specific needs. Always remember to prioritize safety and follow proper assembly instructions. Remember to check all local, state, and federal laws and regulations before building or possessing a firearm.
